Functional infertility: causes and methods to overcome it

One couple in ten experiencing difficulties in conceiving a child receives a diagnosis of "idiopathic infertility" or "infertility of uncertain origin". This diagnosis is made after a complete medical examination, including hormonal tests, a spermogram, an ultrasound of the pelvic organs, verification of the patency of the fallopian tubes, and other tests. If these examinations do not reveal any obvious pathologies preventing pregnancy, functional infertility (psychogenic) may be discussed.

The impact of stress on the reproductive system

Psychological factors are at the heart of functional infertility in both women and men. Chronic stress and severe anxiety can prevent conception because they increase cortisol levels. This hormone suppresses the production of estrogen and progesterone, which are responsible for ovulation and embryo implantation. Moreover, stress can cause spasms of the fallopian tubes, impair blood flow to the pelvic organs, which also reduces the likelihood of conception.

Prolonged psychological stress leads to nervous system disorders, resulting in hormonal dysfunctions and functional changes in the reproductive organs.

The main psychological causes of functional infertility

Three main groups of psychological causes can be distinguished, each with its own manifestations:

1. Excessive desire for pregnancy - emotional fixation on conception, constant expectations and failures lead to stress and hormonal imbalance.
2. Psycho-emotional state before the decision to conceive - chronic fatigue, emotional exhaustion, negative experiences, changes in lifestyle and diet.
3. Fear associated with pregnancy and motherhood - fear of complications, change in appearance, loss of career, financial instability, doubts about readiness for motherhood.

How to overcome functional infertility?

If both partners are in good physical health but pregnancy does not occur, it is recommended to seek the help of a psychotherapist or clinical psychologist. Psychological support is important for both natural conception and participation in an in vitro fertilization (IVF) program.

The most helpful psychological support methods are as follows

• Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) - helps identify and eliminate negative attitudes that hinder conception.
• Meditation and breathing exercises - reduce anxiety and promote relaxation.
• Group therapy - sharing experiences with other couples facing similar difficulties.
• Keepsake journal of emotions - helps recognize and overcome fears and inner tensions.
• Relaxation techniques - yoga, autogenic training, aromatherapy, and holiday preparation.

A positive attitude, support from loved ones, and a stable emotional state significantly increase the chances of successful conception. Working with a psychologist helps reduce anxiety, eliminate subconscious blockages, and prepare internally for pregnancy.

Psychological well-being and emotional stability are important factors for successful conception and a favorable course of pregnancy. To maintain them, it is recommended to apply stress management techniques, maintain a balance between work and rest, and spend time with supportive people. If pregnancy does not occur over a long period, it is important not to isolate oneself but to seek professional help from specialists.