Testicular microlithiasis

Testicular microlithiasis is a condition in which calcified deposits accumulate on the walls of the seminiferous tubules, forming diffuse masses. This pathology can lead to the development of cancer in men under 40 years old. The danger of the disease lies in the absence of characteristic symptoms, making it difficult to detect in time.

Causes and diagnosis of testicular microlithiasis

The factors contributing to the development of the disease are taken into account:

• Congenital chromosomal abnormalities;
• Varicocele;
• Torsion, testicular atrophy;
• Testicular surgeries;
• Cryptorchidism;
• Orchitis and other inflammatory diseases of the testicles;
• Chemotherapy for cancer.

Testicular microlithiasis is usually detected incidentally during an ultrasound. The presence of the pathology indicates small white spots, which are tiny stones primarily composed of calcium. These calcified deposits form due to the accumulation of calcium salts and cellular debris, which are associated with metabolic disorders in the testicular tissues and chronic inflammatory processes. They may also include epithelial particles. As they grow and accumulate, the seminiferous tubules become blocked, which can lead to the formation of micro-abscesses. The progression of the pathology results in sterility and increases the risk of tumor development.

To clarify the diagnosis, the urologist questions the patient about their lifestyle, illnesses, and disorders. They then proceed to examine and palpate the scrotum. In addition to ultrasound, transillumination, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be used to diagnose testicular microlithiasis in men. The patient is also referred for a blood test to screen for tumor markers to rule out malignant processes.

Treatment of testicular microlithiasis

After confirming the diagnosis, the doctor determines the follow-up and treatment. In children, testicular microlithiasis is usually subject to dynamic observation, as the disease does not always lead to complications. In adults, microlithiasis requires a more rigorous therapeutic approach.

In cases of asymptomatic progression of the pathology, dynamic observation by a urologist and annual ultrasound of the scrotum are recommended. For men considering future fatherhood, it is advisable to perform a spermogram to assess their fertility. If necessary, measures can be taken to preserve fertility, such as sperm freezing.

In the comprehensive treatment of testicular microlithiasis, medication therapy and physiotherapy may be used. Doctors also recommend adjusting the diet by reducing the intake of calcium-containing products, such as cheese, cottage cheese, sesame, and milk. It is advisable to increase the consumption of foods rich in magnesium and vitamin D, such as green vegetables, nuts, fish, and eggs, as they can help improve metabolism and reduce the risk of calcium deposits. It is also recommended to include more fiber in the diet to maintain a healthy digestive system and improve overall metabolism. It is important to normalize alcohol consumption habits, as excess minerals are eliminated from the body through urine.

If conservative treatment and dietary and alcohol consumption adjustments do not achieve the desired effect and the formations in the seminiferous tubules continue to grow, surgical intervention may be decided. The operation is performed by laparoscopy, which minimizes trauma due to small incisions, reduces the risk of infection, and prevents scarring, significantly accelerating the patient's recovery. During the rehabilitation period, it is advised for the man to wear a support garment to support the scrotum and reduce the load on the tissues for 2 to 3 weeks to ensure optimal recovery.

Consultation and appointment

If you have questions to ask the specialist, you can make an appointment at the NatuVitro clinic. There, you will receive expert assistance and detailed advice on all aspects of the disease. You can also consult the "Treatment" section of our website to learn more about in vitro fertilization (IVF) and sperm donation.

The NatuVitro clinic offers a wide range of services for the diagnosis and treatment of reproductive issues, ensuring a comprehensive approach for each patient and high diagnostic accuracy. By reaching out to our specialists, you can count on professional medical assistance and support at every stage of treatment.