Headaches during pregnancy: causes, particularities, and help

Pregnancy is an important and responsible period in a woman's life, during which various physical and emotional disorders may occur. Headaches are one of the most common symptoms. The reasons for their occurrence, the differences between the various types of pregnancy, and how to cope with them safely for the future mother and child are explained in this article.

Possible causes of headaches

Headaches during pregnancy can be both primary and secondary. Primary headaches occur independently under the influence of external or internal factors, while secondary headaches are a consequence of another illness or condition.

The most common types of headaches in pregnant women are as follows:

Migraine

Migraine is characterized by intense, throbbing pain, usually on one side of the head (temple, forehead, or eye). It is accompanied by sensitivity to light and sound, as well as nausea and vomiting. These pains can significantly hinder daily activities.

Interestingly, women who suffered from migraines before pregnancy may experience fewer symptoms, or none at all, especially during the third trimester. However, in 10 to 20% of women, migraines may appear during the first trimester.

Tension headache

This type of pain is generally bilateral and feels like pressure or tightness (like a helmet). It is localized in the forehead, temples, and back of the head, and often intensifies in the evening. It may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and photophobia.

Differences based on the type of pregnancy

It is important to know that the course of pregnancy and the severity of symptoms, including headaches, can differ depending on the type of pregnancy:

• Natural pregnancy is accompanied by physiological changes caused by the body's hormones.
• Pregnancy after IVF (in vitro fertilization), especially in cases of IVF with egg donation or double donation (sperm and eggs), requires more intensive hormonal support.

It is this hormonal therapy, necessary to promote implantation and early development of the embryo, that can lead to headaches as a side effect. Additionally, the individual body's reaction to medications also plays an important role.

Nevertheless, regardless of the conception method, if a headache occurs, it is important not to resort to self-medication, but to consult a doctor in a timely manner.

When it is urgent to consult a doctor

Consult a doctor immediately if

• The headache appeared suddenly and is of great intensity;
• The pain is accompanied by speech disturbances, coordination problems, or numbness of the limbs;
• The pain is accompanied by vomiting, visual disturbances, and lasts more than an hour;
• The pain increases when lying down.

What can be taken for headaches during pregnancy?

Although pain should not be tolerated, taking medication on one's own can be dangerous. Only a doctor can prescribe safe and effective treatment, depending on the term of the pregnancy and the woman's general condition.

In general, minimal doses of medications are used to reduce potential risks to the fetus. Medication treatment may be accompanied by recommendations such as

• eliminating stress factors
• adequate sleep and rest
• regular and moderate physical activity
• a balanced diet.

Headaches during pregnancy are common, but in most cases manageable. The key is to pay attention to one's well-being, avoid self-medication, and, if necessary, contact specialists in a timely manner.

Consultation with a gynecologist-obstetrician is possible at the Natuvitro clinic. Individualized pregnancy management programs are also offered there, taking into account all the specifics of the woman's health and the type of pregnancy.