Abdominal pain during pregnancy: causes, normal and concerning symptoms

When is pain considered normal?

Pulling pains in the lower abdomen are a common symptom that can trouble women at different stages of pregnancy. At the "Natuvitro” clinic, specialists in reproductive medicine specify that these pains are most often associated with the body's natural processes of adapting to the growth and development of the fetus. The uterus increases in size, abdominal muscles and ligaments are stretched, which can cause discomfort similar to menstrual pains.

Possible physiological causes:

• Hormonal changes - the increase in progesterone relaxes muscles, including those of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to bloating and constipation.
• First movement of the fetus - some women experience painful sensations when the baby moves for the first time.
• Braxton-Hicks contractions - preparatory contractions of the uterus that occur after the 20th week of pregnancy.

In most cases, these pains are not dangerous and do not require urgent medical intervention. However, if they are accompanied by other symptoms (high blood pressure, vaginal bleeding, hardening of the abdomen), it is necessary to consult a fertility specialist.

Possible pathological causes of abdominal pain during pregnancy

Digestive system problems

Gastrointestinal disorders are one of the most frequent causes of discomfort in pregnant women. The increase in progesterone slows down intestinal peristalsis, leading to:

• flatulence;
• constipation;
• a feeling of heaviness in the abdomen.

Urinary tract infections

Pulling sensations in the abdomen may be caused by urinary tract infections, which can be particularly dangerous during pregnancy. Associated symptoms include:

• frequent urges to urinate;
• a feeling of heaviness in the pelvic area;
• a burning sensation or discomfort during urination.

Growth of the uterus and pressure on organs

As pregnancy progresses, the uterus continues to grow, stretching its ligaments and increasing pressure on neighboring organs. This can cause pain similar to menstrual cramps, as well as a feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen.

Braxton-Hicks contractions

After the 20th week of pregnancy, false contractions - Braxton-Hicks contractions - may appear. They can be accompanied by painful sensations but do not pose a threat to either the mother or the fetus and serve to prepare the body for childbirth.

Increased pain during the third trimester

As the fetus grows, the uterus expands and continues to exert pressure on the organs. Therefore, discomfort and pulling pains may increase during the third trimester.

When are abdominal pains during pregnancy dangerous?

Some disorders require immediate medical attention, as they can threaten the life of the mother and child. It is important to distinguish physiological pain from dangerous symptoms: if the pain increases, is accompanied by bleeding, sharp cramps, fever, or loss of consciousness, it is necessary to consult a doctor immediately.

Preeclampsia

If, in addition to abdominal pain, one observes

• a rise in blood pressure beyond 140/90 mmHg;
• the presence of proteins in the urine;
• swelling;

This may indicate preeclampsia, a dangerous condition that threatens the life of the mother and fetus. Urgent medical intervention is necessary.

Placental abruption

In the third trimester, placental abruption can lead to serious complications. The "Natuvitro” clinic notes that among the risk factors for this condition are hypertension, abdominal trauma, multiple pregnancies, premature rupture of membranes, smoking, and maternal age over 35 years. Symptoms of placental abruption may include:

• severe abdominal pain;
• vaginal bleeding;
• hardening of the abdomen;
• a sudden deterioration in health.

This condition requires immediate medical attention.

Pregnancy management and reproductive technologies at the Natuvitro clinic

If a woman experiences abdominal pain during pregnancy, it is necessary to consult an obstetrician-gynecologist. In most cases, these are physiological norms, but sometimes they can indicate serious problems.

At the "Natuvitro” clinic, experienced obstetricians-gynecologists and reproductive medicine specialists handle pregnancy management. Expectant mothers can benefit from comprehensive diagnostics, professional medical support, and prompt assistance in emergency situations. Additionally, the clinic offers advanced infertility treatment methods, including:

• In vitro fertilization (IVF), a method that helps couples struggling to conceive achieve the long-awaited pregnancy;
• IVF with egg donation - a solution for women with low ovarian reserve or genetic anomalies;
• IVF with double donation - a method used in cases where both an egg and sperm from a donor are needed.

Make an appointment for a consultation to receive expert advice and ensure the health of you and your baby.