Follicular aspiration: an important step in the IVF process

What is follicular puncture?

Follicular puncture is one of the key steps in an in vitro fertilization (IVF) program, as it involves retrieving the mature eggs necessary for in vitro fertilization. This process is essential for the success of IVF, as the quality and quantity of the retrieved eggs determine the likelihood of conception and the subsequent development of the embryo. The eggs are collected from the ovaries of a woman who has undergone controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and transferred to embryologists for preparation for fertilization.

Preparation for follicular puncture

In order for the procedure to be successful, it is necessary to follow several important recommendations:

• On the day of the puncture, it is necessary to arrive at the clinic strictly fasting.
• Avoid using cosmetic products (perfume, cream), as any chemical substance can affect the sterility of the procedure.
• Arrive at the clinic at least 30 minutes before the scheduled time to register, prepare for the procedure, and receive necessary instructions from the medical staff.

If the partner ejaculates on the day of the puncture, he must observe:

• Sexual rest 3 to 5 days prior.
• Avoid alcohol consumption.
• Refrain from hot baths, as high temperatures can affect sperm quality.

It is extremely important to follow the specialist doctor's instructions regarding the timing of the ovulation trigger injection. If the medication is injected earlier or later than the prescribed time, it is necessary to inform the doctor, as this deviation can affect the quality of egg maturation.

How is the follicular puncture performed?

The puncture is performed transvaginally under general anesthesia and lasts about 20 minutes. The oocyte retrieval is done using a puncture needle under ultrasound control.

• The patient is under anesthesia and her condition is monitored by an anesthetist to ensure her safety and comfort.
• The follicles containing the eggs are transferred to an embryologist for preliminary evaluation and preparation for fertilization.

Upon waking, the patient remains in the room under the supervision of the medical staff for about 2 hours. During this period, she is monitored for:

• General well-being.
• Blood pressure.
• Heart rate.
• Any adverse reactions to anesthesia.

If her condition is stable and there are no complications, the woman can leave the clinic and go home.

Recovery after follicular puncture

After the procedure, some signs may occur:

• Slight drowsiness.
• Moderate pain in the lower abdomen.
• Slight bloody discharge in the vagina (for 1 to 3 days).
• In some cases, a slight increase in body temperature up to 37.5 °C is considered a normal reaction of the body.

However, if the temperature continues to rise, accompanied by significant weakness, chills, or other alarming symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Recommendations after follicular puncture:

1. Observe sexual rest for at least 7 days.
2. Avoid hot water treatments (baths and saunas), only lukewarm showers are allowed.
3. Exclude foods that increase gas formation in the intestines from your diet.
4. Drink enough fluids and follow a protein-rich diet.

It is important to carefully monitor your well-being. You need to consult a doctor in the following cases

1. Severe lower abdominal pain that is not controlled by painkillers.
2. Heavy bleeding.
3. Significant weakness, loss of consciousness.
4. Disordered urination.
5. Temperature above 37.5 °C.

Although complications after a puncture are rare, it is important to consult a doctor in a timely manner in case of alarming symptoms.

Further information about the follicular puncture procedure, as well as the specifics of your case, can be obtained from the fertility specialist. It is recommended to prepare a list of questions in advance, so you can discuss all important points with your doctor and obtain the most useful information.