Feelings after embryo transfer: what happens in the body?

Meaning of the period following embryo transfer

The sensations after the embryo transfer into the uterus are one of the most discussed issues by patients in reproductive medicine clinics. The embryo transfer is the culmination of the in vitro fertilization (IVF) program and, during this period, women are particularly attentive to their bodies, waiting for the first signs of successful implantation.

Most fertility clinics perform five-day embryo transfers. At this stage, the blastocysts have a high implantation potential, as by the fifth day, they have reached a sufficient stage of development and are ready to attach to the endometrium.

What happens on the third day after embryo transfer?

If five-day blastocysts have been transferred, implantation in the endometrium begins two days after the procedure. In the case of three-day embryos, hatching, which is the opening of the outer membrane of the fetal eggs, occurs within three days, after which the embryos are capable of attaching to the endometrium. The complete implantation process can take 2 to 4 days.

On the third day after embryo transfer, a woman may experience subjective signs of pregnancy, such as

• Twinges in the lower abdomen;
• Increased vaginal discharge;
• Light nausea, decreased appetite;
• Dizziness, weakness, mood swings.

However, these symptoms may be related to the effects of hormonal treatment including progesterone (dydrogesterone, micronized progesterone), estradiol, and hCG, which are used to support the luteal phase. These medications can cause sensations similar to the early signs of pregnancy. Pregnancy can only be confirmed 14 days after embryo transfer through a blood test for hCG and an ultrasound.

Sensations on the 5th day after embryo transfer

On the fifth day after embryo transfer, the woman may experience the following:

• A heaviness in the lower abdomen;
• Mood swings, emotional lability;
• Drowsiness, fatigue, apathy;
• Small pinkish discharge in the vagina, which disappears after 1 to 3 days;
• Increased sensitivity and engorgement of the mammary glands.

These symptoms may be caused by hormonal changes and are not always a sign of successful embryo implantation.

Why is my abdomen tense after embryo transfer?

One of the most common complaints after embryo transfer is a pulling pain in the lower abdomen. Possible causes:

• Increased size of the ovaries after superovulation stimulation.
• Body's reaction to hormone therapy.
• The implantation process of the embryo in the endometrium.

In general, moderate pulling sensations do not require treatment and resolve on their own within 5 to 7 days. However, if the discomfort increases, persists longer, or is accompanied by other alarming symptoms, it is necessary to consult a doctor. Urgent medical care is needed if the pain is accompanied by bleeding or a sudden deterioration in health.

When should I see a doctor?

It is recommended to consult a doctor immediately if, after embryo transfer, you experience

• severe abdominal pain that persists for a long time;
• Heavy bleeding or bloody discharge;
• Sudden deterioration in health, accompanied by dizziness or loss of consciousness.

Consultation with a fertility specialist

Every woman reacts individually to embryo transfer, and feelings can vary significantly. For detailed information about the IVF program, the specifics of each stage, and possible symptoms after embryo transfer, schedule a consultation with a doctor at the Natuvitro clinic. The specialists will help you understand the implantation process and provide personalized recommendations for a successful pregnancy.